Difference between revisions of "Electric Motors"
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To propel an electric vehicle, electricity must be converted to mechanical force. Electric motors use current flowing through wires to create magnetic fields that interact with other magnetic fields in the motor to create motion. | To propel an electric vehicle, electricity must be converted to mechanical force. Electric motors use current flowing through wires to create magnetic fields that interact with other magnetic fields in the motor to create motion. | ||
| − | = | + | =DC Motors= |
| − | + | DC motors are electro-mechanical machines which take DC inputs to generate torque. These machines include Brushed DC, Brushless DC machines (BLDC), and homopolar machines among others. While some use mechanical commutators like brushes, some DC machines commutate electrically based on the rotor position. | |
| − | =Brushless DC Motor= | + | ==Brushed DC Motor== |
| + | |||
| + | Brushed DC Motors are the conventional hobbyist motor and come in two main varieties: Permanent Magnet Based (PMDC) and Field-Winding Based (FWDC). They use mechanical brushes to commutate the the flow of current through the rotor to generate a torque. Because of this, they are easy to control, and do not require a position sensor to track the rotation of the motor. For the PMDC machine, the flux generated by the rotor interacts with the permanent magnet flux to generate torque. For the FWDC machine, the permanent magnets are replaced by another set of coils which generate the stator flux. This allows the machines to operate at high speeds using flux weakening techniques. | ||
| + | |||
| + | ==Brushless DC Motor== | ||
Known for their trapezoidal waveforms. Typically uses an [[Rotary Position Sensor#Encoder|encoder]] to track the rotation of the motor. | Known for their trapezoidal waveforms. Typically uses an [[Rotary Position Sensor#Encoder|encoder]] to track the rotation of the motor. | ||
| − | = | + | =AC Synchronous Motors= |
Known for their sine waves. Typically uses a [[Rotary Position Sensor#Resolver|resolver]] to track the rotation of the motor. Can also use sensorless feedback based on the back EMF of the motor. | Known for their sine waves. Typically uses a [[Rotary Position Sensor#Resolver|resolver]] to track the rotation of the motor. Can also use sensorless feedback based on the back EMF of the motor. | ||
==Surface Mount Permanent Magnet Machines== | ==Surface Mount Permanent Magnet Machines== | ||
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| + | ==Synchronous Reluctance Machines== | ||
==Interior Permanent Magnet Machines== | ==Interior Permanent Magnet Machines== | ||
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| + | =AC Asynchronous Motors= | ||
Revision as of 22:45, 18 May 2020
To propel an electric vehicle, electricity must be converted to mechanical force. Electric motors use current flowing through wires to create magnetic fields that interact with other magnetic fields in the motor to create motion.
Contents
DC Motors
DC motors are electro-mechanical machines which take DC inputs to generate torque. These machines include Brushed DC, Brushless DC machines (BLDC), and homopolar machines among others. While some use mechanical commutators like brushes, some DC machines commutate electrically based on the rotor position.
Brushed DC Motor
Brushed DC Motors are the conventional hobbyist motor and come in two main varieties: Permanent Magnet Based (PMDC) and Field-Winding Based (FWDC). They use mechanical brushes to commutate the the flow of current through the rotor to generate a torque. Because of this, they are easy to control, and do not require a position sensor to track the rotation of the motor. For the PMDC machine, the flux generated by the rotor interacts with the permanent magnet flux to generate torque. For the FWDC machine, the permanent magnets are replaced by another set of coils which generate the stator flux. This allows the machines to operate at high speeds using flux weakening techniques.
Brushless DC Motor
Known for their trapezoidal waveforms. Typically uses an encoder to track the rotation of the motor.
AC Synchronous Motors
Known for their sine waves. Typically uses a resolver to track the rotation of the motor. Can also use sensorless feedback based on the back EMF of the motor.
