Engine - Revision history

Satiric: Fix headings

2023-06-06T04:53:45Z

Fix headings

Show changes

Satiric: Clarify that the FSAE displacement limit does not limit power, summarize engine efficiency

2023-06-06T04:34:27Z

Clarify that the FSAE displacement limit does not limit power, summarize engine efficiency

Satiric: Removed section on max piston speed limit; no such speed limit exists

2023-06-06T03:59:05Z

Removed section on max piston speed limit; no such speed limit exists

Satiric: Fixed a typo

2023-06-02T22:02:45Z

Fixed a typo

Satiric: Add sections for two and three cylinder engines, and mention how cheap the 600cc engines can be

2023-05-23T02:19:37Z

Add sections for two and three cylinder engines, and mention how cheap the 600cc engines can be

Satiric: Add 610cc to 710cc change

2023-05-23T01:57:52Z

Add 610cc to 710cc change

SpookySimon: /* Common Engines and Modifications */

2023-03-20T22:41:52Z

Common Engines and Modifications

Satiric: Fix dead link for WWU V8 source

2023-02-21T03:30:32Z

Fix dead link for WWU V8 source

SpookySimon: adding engine history verbatim from other page

2023-02-07T18:26:03Z

adding engine history verbatim from other page

SpookySimon: combining stub sections

2023-01-31T16:40:49Z

combining stub sections

@@ Line 93: / Line 93: @@
 <!-- I dont think we need so many of these, but I'll leave them for now-->
-Torque and power ''must'' be experimentally determined by testing the engine on a dynomometer. Simulated and predicted engine performance will not reflect real world conditions.
+Torque and power ''must'' be experimentally determined by testing the engine on a dynamometer. Simulated and predicted engine performance will not reflect real world conditions.
 <!--(need page for dynos).-->
@@ Line 100: / Line 100: @@
 {{Main|Restrictor}}
 The air from the intake must pass through a small hole that sets a maximum theoretical power limit that FSAE cars can achieve. This performance cap promotes safety and facilitates a more level playing field.
 <!-- There used to be a section on a Piston Speed Limit, but I removed it - no such limitation exists in the FSAE rules (or the FS rules, as far as I can tell).
 There is a max test speed that is used for the Noise test, but this does not limit teams from exceeding that piston speed outside of the noise test.-->
 <!--
-==Efficiency==
+====Engine Modifications====
 * To fill in, see note in editing for discussion points

@@ Line 101: / Line 101: @@
 The air from the intake must pass through a small hole that sets a maximum theoretical power limit that FSAE cars can achieve. This performance cap promotes safety and facilitates a more level playing field.
-====Piston Speed Limit====
+<!-- There used to be a section on a Piston Speed Limit, but I removed it - no such limitation exists in the FSAE rules (or the FS rules, as far as I can tell).
-The competition limits the engine speeds allowed<ref>http://fsaeonline.com/content/Noise%20Test%20Speeds%202015.pdf</ref>.
+There is a max test speed that is used for the Noise test, but this does not limit teams from exceeding that piston speed outside of the noise test.-->
 <!--
 ==Efficiency==

@@ Line 24: / Line 24: @@
 ===Two Cylinder Engines===
-While rarer, some teams run two cylinder engines. Both V-twin and parallel twin engines exist in FSAE sizes. They generally lie somewhere between singles and four cylinders in terms of pros and cons. They may not make the same amount of power as the four cylinder engines but they are smoother than the four cylinder engines and less complex than the four cylinder engines.
+While rarer, some teams run two cylinder engines. Both V-twin and parallel twin engines exist in FSAE sizes. They generally lie somewhere between singles and four cylinders in terms of pros and cons. They may not make the same amount of power as the four cylinder engines but they are smoother than the single cylinder engines and less complex than the four cylinder engines.
 ===Single Cylinder Engines===

@@ Line 18: / Line 18: @@
 ===Four Cylinder Engines===
 <!--Explain why you would choose a 4 cyl engine-->
-These bike engines are supersport engines and already configured to power a motorcycle in the same weight range as most FS/FSAE cars at a high level. These are easily adapted to use in a FSAE vehicle with modifications to the ancillary systems. The reliability and lower cost of these engines make them the most common choice in modern FSAE competitions. A 4 cylinder design smooths air flow through the restrictor as well as power delivery to the drive sprocket. The higher number of cylinders drives a more complicated [[Intake|intake]] and [[Exhaust|exhaust]] design. Additionally, the larger size and greater weight means packaging the engines may be more difficult than a smaller engine. The complexity of the engine internals may be a hurdle for servicing and in turn may drive rebuild issues if not done carefully. 4 cylinder engines in competition frequently see power figures in the 60-80hp range. Because of their higher power, cars that run these engines usually have a higher power to weight ratio than cars that run a single cylinder engine, despite the weight increase.
+These bike engines are supersport engines and already configured to power a motorcycle in the same weight range as most FS/FSAE cars at a high level. These are easily adapted to use in a FSAE vehicle with modifications to the ancillary systems. The reliability and lower cost of these engines make them the most common choice in modern FSAE competitions. A 4 cylinder design smooths air flow through the restrictor as well as power delivery to the drive sprocket. The higher number of cylinders drives a more complicated [[Intake|intake]] and [[Exhaust|exhaust]] design. Additionally, the larger size and greater weight means packaging the engines may be more difficult than a smaller engine. The complexity of the engine internals may be a hurdle for servicing and in turn may drive rebuild issues if not done carefully. 4 cylinder engines in competition frequently see power figures in the 60-80hp range. Because of their higher power, cars that run these engines usually have a higher power to weight ratio than cars that run a single cylinder engine, despite the weight increase. These engines are also quite cheap, since you can buy engines from crashed bikes for not a lot of money (and usually the only thing damaged is the side covers).
 ===Single Cylinder Engines===

@@ Line 220: / Line 220: @@
 - Cornell ran 5 fuel injectors, the 5th going into the turbo (?)
 =References=
 [[Category: Internal Combustion]]

@@ Line 173: / Line 173: @@
 * The engine will need a max heat dissipation of about 10kW from cooling system <ref>U Toronto 2007 https://manualzz.com/doc/35576578/design-and-optimzation-of-a-formula-sae-cooling</ref>
 * Some teams remove the thermostat control to keep temps down by forcing coolant circulation through the radiator at all times. This is not a universally accepted modification, albeit one of low stakes. The disagreeing viewpoint is that the thermal mass of the engine and cooling circuit is high enough that you won't get into trouble running the OEM thermostat if the cooling system operates correctly, and the engine is happier when it is at temperature. This is a relatively minor modification so running a lap with and without could be a decent test, and there is almost no risk to the vehicle.
 '''Yamaha R6'''
@@ Line 193: / Line 194: @@
 * [https://drive.google.com/file/d/1Q5XaHZGjjahw5Ws1lvxdjKbLsm6vQtQK/view?usp=sharing UWaterloo Formula Motorsports - WR450F Engine Project  (1/3)]<br />
 * [https://drive.google.com/file/d/1U0y8geJOM3BxuCZlj71QGqXQ9cna6RCr/view?usp=sharing UWaterloo Formula Motorsports - WR450F Engine Project (3/3)]
 =Notable History of FSAE Engines=
 pulled from fsaeonline.com <ref>https://www.fsaeonline.com/page.aspx?pageid=c4c5195a-60c0-46aa-acbf-2958ef545b72</ref>

@@ Line 211: / Line 211: @@
 - Honda CBR600 ~50% of all cars
-- WWU ran a 554cc v8<ref>https://imgur.com/r/FSAE/FWYivwM</ref>
+- WWU ran a custom 554cc V8<ref>https://wwuracing.com/our_cars#V30</ref>
 - Kansas State did the first "sidewinder" (engine on side)
@@ Line 218: / Line 218: @@
 - Cornell ran 5 fuel injectors, the 5th going into the turbo (?)
 =References=
 [[Category: Internal Combustion]]

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 The '''engine''' is the center of the internal combustion powertrain system. All other components of the greater system exist to service the engine in different ways. This means the engine is sensitive to design changes made across the entire powertrain. As of 2022, the FSAE rules require an internal combustion engine with a displacement of 710cc or less<ref>2022 fsae rules PDF: https://www.fsaeonline.com/cdsweb/gen/DownloadDocument.aspx?DocumentID=25e8885c-7397-4b2d-93b3-fc404960bab1</ref>. Available OEM motors within this displacement limit are largely sourced from motorcycles and snowmobiles. The purpose of the engine is to convert the chemical energy in [[Fuel|gasoline]] or [[Fuel|ethanol]] into mechanical energy used to propel the car. The engine is one of the most complicated and often heaviest single parts of any vehicle.
-=System Design=
+=System Design and Engine Choice=
 <!--
 Design of engine system: to buy or build, control, modifications.
@@ Line 8: / Line 8: @@
 ''Wikipedia does a very detailed explanation on general engine layout so that will not be covered here.''
-=Engine Choice=
 The competition limits engine choice to a four-stroke, piston engine. The four strokes (intake, compression, power, exhaust) can be remembered by the crass pneumonic [[Otto Cycle|"suck, squeeze, bang, blow"]]. Rotary engines have competed in the past but were banned due to difficulty legislating displacement restrictions compared to a conventional piston engine. Most of the engines used in FS/FSAE are adapted from small personal vehicles such as motorcycles and snowmobiles.
 ==Motorcycle Engines==